O "não" do cliente: o desafio de criar espaço dialógico para ambos os parceiros na terapia conjugal
Palavras-chave:
terapia conjugal, terapia familiar, relação terapêutica, diálogo, aliança, posicionamento, alteridadeResumo
O diálogo na terapia conjugal e familiar
(TCF) é, por definição, diálogo de múltiplos atores:
na terapia conjugal, do terapeuta com dois parceiros
da mesma geração; na terapia familiar, com um
mínimo de dois membros da família de, ao menos,
duas gerações diferentes. Isso representa importante
desafio aos terapeutas, já que implica que a
conversação é, com frequência, carregada de tensões
e pode ter consequências dramáticas para os
membros da família na vida real. Na primeira parte
do artigo desenvolvemos uma base conceitual, em
que nos apoiamos na literatura cujo objeto é a TCF,
assim como na discussão conceitual no campo ao
redor do conceito do não-saber. Questionamos a
eficiência terapêutica das intenções igualitárias do
terapeuta e a visão idealista do diálogo naturalmente
curativo ou sanador implícita nesse conceito.
Destacamos, sobretudo, a validade de alguns dos
conceitos de Mikhail Bahktin (endereçamento, responsividade...)
para nos dirigir às complexidades
específicas do encontro da TCF. Em seguida, apresentamos
um estudo de caso no qual nos limitamos
a uma microanálise dos primeiros minutos de
uma primeira sessão de terapia conjugal. Na terceira
parte do artigo, discutimos o que aprendemos
desse caso, confrontando-o com alguns conceitos
e ideias centrais desenvolvidas na primeira
parte. Dessa forma, concluímos que o terapeuta
conjugal e familiar não pode escapar da posição
desconfortável de assumir a responsabilidade de
encontrar caminhos para contribuir ativamente
para um dialogo frutífero que absolutamente não é
um dado natural, mas, ao contrário, um projeto.
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